World Fuel Services Corporation

World Fuel Services (INT) is a provider of, you guessed it, fuel and related services to the marine, aviation, and land vehicle market, which is how the company is segmented. The marine segment (55% of sales, 51% of profits) and aviation (33%, 40%) provide similar services at seaports and airports. International container and tanker fleets in marine, and airlines and cargo carriers in aviation both contract with World Fuel to provide the convenience of a single source supplier, procurement outsourcing, quality control, price hedging, logistics, offering credit, and providing ancillary services like flight plans and weather reports. In general, you can think of INT as a fuel reseller and broker, earning the lion's share of profits on the spread between fuel acquisition costs and resale pricing, as well as about 20% on other services. The land segment (12%, 9%) is similar. This division mainly serves as a wholesale gasoline and diesel provider to service stations both in the U.S. and overseas. A handful of service stations are directly operated by the company.

Growth will come mainly through acquisition and market share gains. The company has been aggressively expanding its land business, acquiring TGS (a wholesaler in the mid-west) and U.K.-based Henty Oil this past April. Both are expected to add to profits this year. A discussion of growth prospects here also dove-tails into a discussion of competitive position. World Fuel faces a lot of competitors, from small regional outfits to direct selling efforts by the oil majors like ExxonMobil (XOM). But in this market, World Fuel is one of the largest players. They benefit from a strong balance sheet and good credit controls, the opposite of which are hurting smaller competitors. This should allow the company to continue to take market share and consolidate, providing solid growth and improved competitive position.

Financial health is good. The company's balance sheet has $366 million of cash and only $20 million of total debt. Free cash flow has been spotty in the past, with 3 of the last 5 years coming in cash negative. But 2008 and so far in 2009, free cash flow generation has been outstanding. Return on capital, too, has been solid, averaging about 21% (41% using the MFI formula) over a 5 year period, and coming in near 35% (124%) over the past few years. It is important to realize that this is a low margin business. World Fuel generally only generates a 2-3% gross margin on fuel resale. The most important factor to profitability is the company's ability to build inventory at low prices and then benefit from run-ups in fuel sale prices. This perfectly describes the situation for the past 6 months or so after prices plummeted in early 2009. That fact has allowed gross margins to climb to the 3.5-4.5% range over the past 2 quarters, a big boon to profits. Over the long term, gross margin is likely to decline back down to around 2%.

So, what are the risks? The first one was described earlier - volatility of fuel prices can be a boon (when they rise quickly) or a drag (when they fall quickly) to gross margin. Sales volume is dependent on the highly cyclical airline and shipping industries. Gas prices are also quite volatile and can lead to massive fluctuations in revenue levels, although World Fuel's profitability is more tied to gross margin than to revenues. Lastly, since growth is dependent on acquisition, the company faces the risk of overpaying.

Overall, however, I believe World Fuel is a decent MFI play. The flexibility of the cost structure allows the company to maintain profitability even in down periods, and its size and financial strength should allow continued consolidation of a massive market. The stock price has had a huge run-up, from the high teens last year at this time to the mid-50's today. At a 13.4% earnings yield, it still looks cheap, although the return of gross margin to the norm will hurt profitability. A bit too unpredictable to be a Top Buy, but a positive outlook nonetheless.

MFI Stock Review: World Fuel Services (INT)	Oct 27, 2009
Magic Formula Stocks by Relative Strength	Oct 9, 2009
Top 10 Magic Formula Stocks by Dividend Yield, P/S, and P/B Ratios	Jul 21, 2009
Can the Piotroski Method Improve Magic Formula Results?	Jun 4, 2009